How do I apply for skilled trade positions in Germany?

Skilled trades are the largest employer in Germany's Mittelstand with a structural skills shortage. BA skills shortage and EURES: electrical, plumbing, roofing, painting and decorating — all with acute shortages. Specific channels for skilled trades: (1) Handwerker.de and handwerkerjobs.de — specialised portals. (2) BA Jobboerse — with skilled trades filter. (3) Chamber of Crafts (Handwerkskammer) of the respective region — many positions only listed there. (4) Direct approach to skilled trade businesses — speculative applications are particularly effective in the trades. ESCO classification: skilled trade professions in Germany have clearly defined qualification profiles — the journeyman's certificate (Gesellenbrief) and master craftsman title (Meistertitel) are important signals. Objection: many trade businesses have no HR department — application often directly to the owner or master craftsman, informal is OK.