Which file formats are best for applications?

PDF is the standard — platform-independent, layout-stable, and readable by all ATS systems (Applicant Tracking Systems). Word (.docx) only when explicitly requested — it can display differently on different systems. The ESCO classification and BA recommendations emphasise machine-readable formats as a prerequisite for correct processing in automated screening systems. Objection: some older ATS systems have problems with complex PDF layouts (tables, multi-column, embedded graphics). Recommendation: PDF without columns, without tables for the main structure, without graphics as body text replacement. File name: 'Firstname-Lastname-CV.pdf' — never 'CV_final_v3_new(2).pdf'.